![]() Individuals with type A blood-without any prior exposure to incompatible blood-have preformed antibodies to the B antigen circulating in their blood plasma. This is not the case for the ABO blood group. Normally the body must be exposed to a foreign antigen before an antibody can be produced. ABO blood types are genetically determined. People with neither A nor B antigens are designated blood type O. People can also have both A and B antigens on their erythrocytes, in which case they are blood type AB. ![]() People whose erythrocytes have A antigens on their erythrocyte membrane surfaces are designated blood type A, and those whose erythrocytes have B antigens are blood type B. The ABO Blood GroupĪlthough the ABO blood group name consists of three letters, ABO blood typing designates the presence or absence of just two antigens, A and B. More than 50 antigens have been identified on erythrocyte membranes, but the most significant in terms of their potential harm to patients are classified in two groups: the ABO blood group and the Rh blood group. However, the load of hemoglobin released can easily overwhelm the kidney’s capacity to clear it, and the patient can quickly develop kidney failure. This hemoglobin travels to the kidneys, which are responsible for filtration of the blood.
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